Monday, December 19, 2011

Trinity and Beyond; Nuclear Energy

Nuclear Energy: The History
     The study of nuclear energy began in Germany near the beginning of the 20th century. At the start of World War II, the development of nuclear bombs began in Nazi Germany. Albert Einstein sent a famous letter to the President of the United States, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The letter told FDR that the U.S.A. must begin work on their own weapons of mass destruction. Immediately, great scientists came from far and wide to work on a deadly device. They gathered in New Mexico to combine knowledge on the Los Alamos Project. These gentlemen created a plutonium bomb and a uranium bomb. The first ever nuclear bomb was detonated in New Mexico on July 16, 1945. This bomb was code named Trinity.
     This first detonation would be followed by hundreds of boisterous blasts throughout the 1950's. The U.S. dropped a uranium bomb on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. This bomb killed thousands of innocent Japanese citizens. As if that was not enough, the Americans dropped a plutonium bomb on the city of Nagasaki. this killed more thousands of Japanese people. More people died from radiation. Japan would surrender to the United States. Following this, the Cold War.
     The Cold War was a series of threats showing off nuclear strength. It was between The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. The United States radioactively polluted a chain of islands in the South Pacific. No nuclear warfare happened between the capatalist country and the communist country.
Trinity and Beyond; The Science
     The science behind nuclear bombs is basically atomic fission and fusion.
Nuclear fission is the splitting of the atom. Nuclear fission creates loads of energy which creates boom boom. Nuclear fusion is the bonding of atoms, creating a bigger nucleus. This creates loads energy which creates boom boom.

Tuesday, December 6, 2011

Sodium Silicate Polymer Lab/Purcell/Block I

Problem: Find the physical properties of a polymer that is made up of sodium silicate and ethyl alcohol.

Hypothesis: The polymer made of sodium silicate and ethyl alcohol will be harder than that of a polymer made of glue and sodium borate.

Materials: sodium silicate (water glass) solution, 12 mL
                 ethyl alcohol, 3 mL
                 2 small beakers
                 stirring rod
                 paper towels
                 Clorox wipes

Procedures: Pour 12 mL of sodium silicate into one of the small beakers. Do not touch the solution with bare skin. Pour 3 mLof ethyl alcohol into the other small beaker. Slowly pour the alcohol in the beaker into the other small beaker with the sodium silicate solution. Stir them together in a circular motion. Roll the polymer into a ball. Bounce the ball. Put the polymer into a Ziploc bag.

Results: The polymer was harder than the polymer made of glue and sodium borate. The ball bounced 15 centimeters in the air.

Conclusion: The polymer made of sodium borate was softer than the sodium silicate polymer, however it bounced as high.